Is Your Bull Ready for the Next Breeding Season?

Is Your Bull Ready for the Next Breeding Season?Breeding season is done, but you still need to pay attention to your bulls instead of forgetting about them until next year.
The months after breeding are a good chance to catch problems early. Bulls may end the season lighter, sore, injured, or tired from working cows and moving around. If you notice a small issue now, you can usually handle it. But if you find the same problem right before turnout, you could end up scrambling to find another bull.
This is why making good use of the off-season matters.
During the off-season, focus on checking each bull’s condition, helping him recover without letting him get overweight, and deciding if he should stay in your herd for another breeding season.
The formal breeding soundness exam comes later, closer to turnout. For now, check your bulls and fix any problems while there’s still time.

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How to Know When Your Winter Pasture Is Ready

How to Know When Your Winter Pasture Is ReadyWhen winter pasture begins to green up, it can be hard to wait before letting the cows in.
After a good fall rain, rye, wheat, oats, or ryegrass can green up fast. The cows notice as well. They gather at the fence and bawl, making it feel like you are wasting good feed by keeping them out.
But just because the pasture is green does not mean it is ready.
A winter pasture might look great from the truck, but the plants could still be building the roots and leaf area they need to recover after grazing. If you let cattle in too early, you might get a few days of grazing now but lose much more forage later, when winter feed costs become important.
So the real question is not, “Is there enough green out there?”
Instead, ask, “Can this pasture handle grazing and recover well?“
That is the question to guide your first turnout.

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Cotton Feeds for Cattle: What Do They Really Cost?

Cotton Feeds for Cattle: What Do They Really Cost?A load of cotton feed might seem like a good deal in November when you see it at the gin. Before you schedule a delivery, make sure you know what it will actually provide for your cattle and what the real cost will be.
According to Texas A&M AgriLife, most cottonseed in Texas is sold between September and December. November is a good time for ranchers in West Texas and the Southern Plains to check local supplies as they plan for winter feeding.
Whole cottonseed, cottonseed meal, hulls, and gin trash all have different uses. The price you pay is just one factor. Things like moisture, hauling costs, losses, and how they fit into your overall ration can affect which option is best.

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Crop Residue Grazing: Will It Cut Winter Feed Costs?

Crop Residue Grazing: Will It Cut Winter Feed Costs?A harvested field might seem like the solution to your winter feed costs. The combine is done, stalks are left behind, and your cows need a place to graze. Before letting them in, step out and check what they can really eat.
In West Texas and the Southern Plains, November often lines up grain harvest with winter feeding needs. Crop residue is the plant material left after harvest. Grazing corn stubble or milo residue can rest your native pastures and help your hay last longer.
Each field is different. Loose corn leaves might blow away. Milo fields could have green regrowth among brown stalks. Sometimes, a neighbor has already baled what you hoped to graze.
Begin by looking at what feed is left, how many cattle you need to support, and what might cut their stay short. Then decide if that field fits into your winter plan.

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Winter Cattle Lice: What to Check Before You Treat

Winter Cattle Lice: What to Check Before You TreatLice problems in October usually start quietly. You might notice a few calves rubbing on a fence or see some hair stuck to a post. Maybe one thin cow looks rougher than the others. If you see bare patches, lice have probably already gotten ahead.
This is why October is important in West Texas and the Southern Plains. Nights get cooler, but afternoons are still warm. Cattle start growing winter coats and gather closer around feed. Fall processing also brings many herds through the chute, giving you a good chance to check cattle before thick hair makes it harder to see their skin.
Don’t treat every cow just because it’s October. Check early to see if lice are actually present, decide if the group needs treatment, and pick a product that matches the problem. This helps stop a small fall issue from turning into a big problem by January.

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Where to Feed Hay in Winter Without a Mud Hole

Where to Feed Hay in Winter Without a Mud HoleA hay ring that sits on solid ground in October can become a muddy mess by January. The tractor makes the same tracks, cattle end up standing in manure as they eat, and the path to the feeder stays wet. What seemed easy in the fall can turn into a costly winter problem.
West Texas doesn’t need a lot of rain to make a feeding area difficult. Just a few cold showers, lots of cattle, and clay soil are enough. In the Panhandle, freeze and thaw cycles soften the ground. Farther south, one wet period can make a caliche path slippery and turn the feeding area into mud.
That’s why it’s important to place hay in October. The ground is still easy to work, and there’s time to fix gates, improve paths, make solid footing, or mark out feeding spots. A good setup manages mud and manure, keeps cattle eating, protects pasture, and makes feeding safer.
If you’re deciding where to feed hay in winter, begin with your ranch map instead of just picking the closest spot to the barn.

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First Frost Forage Risks Ranchers Should Know

First Frost Forage Risks Ranchers Should KnowThe first white frost in West Texas can make a pasture seem safe. Leaves hang down, the season looks over, and opening another field might seem like a simple way to cut winter hay costs.
But that choice is not always safe.
Frost can harm plant cells in sorghum, sudangrass, johnsongrass, and sorghum-sudan hybrids, which can quickly release prussic acid. The field might also have high nitrate levels from drought, heavy nitrogen use, cloudy days, or uneven growth. Both issues can be deadly for cattle, but they act differently and need separate tests.
So, the answer to “How long should cattle wait after frost?” depends on the type of plant, the kind of freeze, the field’s history, and whether new growth shows up.
October weather rarely makes things easy. One low area might freeze while a sheltered terrace stays green. A light frost can burn the tops but not kill the plant, and warm afternoons can bring out new shoots. Check what is growing before letting cattle in.

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Build a Better Fall Processing Plan for Calves

Build a Better Fall Processing Plan for CalvesProcessing days in October often feel long, especially when you are pressed for time.
You might need to sort calves, vaccinate some, castrate or implant others, deworm, tag, or prepare them for a marketing program. When you add weaning, it can feel like you have to do everything while the calf is in the chute.
That is not always the best approach.
A good processing day is not about doing as many tasks as possible. It is about making sure each calf gets what it needs without extra stress or future problems.
Some jobs belong on processing day.
Some should already have happened.
Others depend entirely on where that calf is going next.
That is why a fall processing plan matters.
Before the first calf enters the alley, make sure you know their vaccination history, marketing plan, castration status, implant choices, parasite plan, and which records you need to keep.
The chute is where you follow your plan, not where you make last-minute decisions.

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Before Turnout: Check Your Wheat Pasture First

Before Turnout: Check Your Wheat Pasture FirstSeeing a green wheat field in October can really test your patience. Native grass is fading, hay prices are rising, and that fresh wheat looks like the perfect feed just beyond the gate.
It’s tempting to let cattle out as soon as they can take a bite, but that move can end up costing you.
Young wheat might look ready from the road, but its roots could still be too weak for grazing. Cattle can pull up whole plants from soft soil, thin out the stand, and leave you with less forage later. If you want to harvest grain, grazing too early or too much can also hurt the wheat’s recovery before spring.
Getting wheat pasture ready takes more than just checking plant height. Before turning cattle out, look at crown-root growth, soil moisture, how much forage you have, stocking rates, fences, water, minerals, and how you’ll help cattle adjust to the lush feed.
There’s no single date that works for everyone in the Southern Plains. A field near Amarillo won’t grow the same as one near Abilene. Even fields across the road can be different because of when they were planted, rainfall, soil, or how thick the wheat stands.
The best time to let cattle onto wheat pasture depends on what’s actually growing and if your whole grazing setup is ready.

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October Forage Testing Can Cut Winter Feed Waste

October Forage Testing Can Cut Winter Feed WasteIn October, a West Texas hay stack can seem better than it actually is. The barn looks full, round bales are lined up, and there’s still grass in the pasture. From the truck, it might seem like winter feed is already taken care of.
But when the first strong cold front hits, cows eat through hay faster than you expect, manure gets firmer, calves don’t look as healthy, and feed costs go up. The issue isn’t always not having enough forage. Sometimes there’s plenty, but it doesn’t have enough usable protein or energy.
That’s why October is a good time to test both hay and standing forage. Warm-season grasses are finishing up, most hay is already baled, and ranchers are starting to look at winter supplement prices.
A simple forage test lets you buy feed to fix a real shortage, not just pick something with a flashy label. It also helps you figure out which hay to give to dry cows, young females, lactating cows, or newly weaned calves.
Testing alone won’t create your whole feeding plan. Cow size, body condition, production stage, weather, how much they eat, and how you deliver feed all still matter. But a good forage test gives you a solid place to start. Without it, you’re just guessing about your winter ration.

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